ABSTRACT
The activation of the human cannabinoid receptor type II (CB2R) is known to mediate analgesic and anti-inflammatory processes without the central adverse effects related to cannabinoid receptor type I (CB1R). In this work we describe the synthesis and evaluation of a novel series of N-aryl-2-pyridone-3-carboxamide derivatives tested as human cannabinoid receptor type II (CB2R) agonists. Different cycloalkanes linked to the N-aryl pyridone by an amide group displayed CB2R agonist activity as determined by intracellular [cAMP] levels. The most promising compound 8d exhibited a non-toxic profile and similar potency (EC50 = 112 nM) to endogenous agonists Anandamide (AEA) and 2-Arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) providing new information for the development of small molecules activating CB2R. Molecular docking studies showed a binding pose consistent with two structurally different agonists WIN-55212-2 and AM12033 and suggested structural requirements on the pyridone substituents that can satisfy the orthosteric pocket and induce an agonist response. Our results provide additional evidence to support the 2-pyridone ring as a suitable scaffold for the design of CB2R agonists and represent a starting point for further optimization and development of novel compounds for the treatment of pain and inflammation.
Subject(s)
Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists/chemistry , Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists/pharmacology , Pyridones/chemistry , Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/agonists , Animals , Arachidonic Acids/chemistry , Arachidonic Acids/pharmacology , Benzoxazines/chemistry , Benzoxazines/pharmacology , Binding Sites , CHO Cells , Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists/chemical synthesis , Cell Survival/drug effects , Cricetulus , Cyclic AMP/metabolism , Drug Evaluation, Preclinical , Endocannabinoids/chemistry , Endocannabinoids/pharmacology , Glycerides/chemistry , Glycerides/pharmacology , HL-60 Cells , Hep G2 Cells , Humans , Molecular Docking Simulation , Morpholines/chemistry , Morpholines/pharmacology , Naphthalenes/chemistry , Naphthalenes/pharmacology , Polyunsaturated Alkamides/chemistry , Polyunsaturated Alkamides/pharmacology , Pyridones/pharmacology , Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/chemistry , Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/genetics , Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/metabolism , Structure-Activity RelationshipABSTRACT
A 3D-QSAR (CoMFA) study was performed in an extensive series of aminoalkylindoles derivatives with affinity for the cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2. The aim of the present work was to obtain structure-activity relationships of the aminoalkylindole family in order to explain the affinity and selectivity of the molecules for these receptors. Major differences in both, steric and electrostatic fields were found in the CB1 and CB2 CoMFA models. The steric field accounts for the principal contribution to biological activity. These results provide a foundation for the future development of new heterocyclic compounds with high affinity and selectivity for the cannabinoid receptors with applications in several pathological conditions such as pain treatment, cancer, obesity and immune disorders, among others.
Subject(s)
Ligands , Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship , Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1/chemistry , Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/chemistry , Models, Molecular , Molecular Conformation , Protein Conformation , Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1/metabolism , Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/metabolism , StereoisomerismABSTRACT
In the search for new potentially anticancer drugs, isoquinolinequinone-containing polycyclic compounds have been designed and synthesized through highly regiocontrolled cycloaddition reactions of methyl 1,3-dimethyl-5,8-dioxo-5,8-dihydroisoquinoline-4-carboxylate with polarized 1,3-dienes and a thiazole-o-quinodimethane. The new N-heterocyclic quinones were tested on normal human fibroblasts and four distinct human cancer cell lines. Two of the evaluated compounds displayed significant in vitro activity (IC50: 0.44-5.9 microM) comparable to that of the reference drug etoposide.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/chemical synthesis , Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology , Quinones/chemical synthesis , Quinones/pharmacology , Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry , Cell Line , Cell Line, Tumor , Drug Design , Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor , Etoposide/pharmacology , Fibroblasts/drug effects , Humans , Quinones/chemistryABSTRACT
The present review discusses the synthetic strategies of new ligands exhibiting mainly 5-HT(1A)binding affinities. Specifically we focused our attention in the synthesis of compounds structurally related to arylpiperazine, 2-aminotetralin, and benzopyran derivatives.
